Ro ro ship - a good helper for international shipping of bulk goods!

Ro ro container ships are also known as Ro/Ro ships or RORO ships. The utility model relates to a container transport ship with a door opened at the bow, stern or side of the ship, and mobile loading, unloading and handling machinery such as container traction trailers and forklifts can enter and exit the ship's cabin through a springboard connected to the door, load the container into the ship's cabin or transport the container out of the ship's cabin to the cargo yard. English: roll on/roll off ship; Ro/Ro ship

Ro ro container ship refers to a transport ship that uses a tractor to tow a semitrailer or wheeled pallet carrying container goods or other goods directly into and out of the cargo hold for loading and unloading, also known as driving on and off the ship. The entrance and exit of RO ro ships are usually set at the tail, and hinged springboards are overlapped with the shore for RO cargo boarding and disembarking. Ro ro ship is a multi-purpose transport ship, which can not only load containers, but also load large and heavy pieces, groups of goods and various vehicles. Due to the great flexibility of the requirements for the variety and type of cargo to be loaded and unloaded, it is conducive to improving the cargo capacity of the ship; However, this brings many characteristics different from ordinary ship and container ship.

(1) Generally, it is a multideck ship

The interdeck compartments above the main deck of RO ro ships are of longitudinal structure without horizontal bulkheads, flat deck type and no beam arch, so as to facilitate the loading and unloading of various goods by RO ro. For RO ro ships with a ship width of more than 25 m, columns along the longitudinal center line are allowed. Traffic between decks can be connected by elevators or ramps through narrow deck openings. Bilge below main deck. It is equipped with double sides to form a side cabin, which can be used to load all kinds of ballast and fuel. To maintain the continuity of the bearing surface, the engine room and superstructure are usually located at the tail.

(2) Special springboards are used to realize rolling loading and unloading between ship and shore

In order to solve the connection between the ship and the wharf and realize the rolling loading and unloading operation between the ship and the shore, the RO ro ship is equipped with a special opening at the tail, the head or the side of the ship and a springboard for various RO equipment and vehicles to pass through. All openings are strictly watertight when closed; Some ships have watertight doors that open to serve as a springboard. Others have special springboards.

(3) It is difficult to select the ratio of main dimensions of ship type

The main dimension of RO ro ship shall meet the size and height of the loading surface required to carry goods, and its internal clearance dimension shall match the unit dimension of goods. With the different layout schemes of various goods in the cabin, the main dimensions of RO ro ships change discontinuously. When selecting, it is difficult to achieve the best principal scale ratio.

(4) Stability matters

Due to the low utilization rate of cabin capacity, the cargo volume of RO ro ship is larger than that of ordinary cargo ship, so the shape depth is high, and several layers of containers need to be loaded on the open deck, so that the stability of the ship changes greatly under different loading conditions. For RO ro ships. It is not only necessary to prevent the safety of navigation from being endangered due to insufficient stability, but also to prevent severe rolling due to excessive stability. In addition, in the process of loading and unloading, the imbalance of port and starboard goods caused by rapid loading and unloading will lead to ship tilting and swinging. To this end, RO ro ships need to set up sufficient ballast tanks to adjust stability; At the same time, a large-capacity tilt balancing device system (anti rolling device) is also needed to maintain good floating and navigation performance of the ship under various working conditions.

(5) In order to facilitate berthing and disembarking from the wharf, the first push device is set

Pros and cons

The advantage of RO ro container ship over hoisting container ship is that it is more versatile, which can not only load containers and various vehicles, but also transport other super large goods; The utility model has the advantages of uninterrupted loading and unloading flow operation, high efficiency, and is not limited by wharf loading and unloading equipment. Its main disadvantages are low utilization rate of cabin capacity and high ship cost. Ro ro ships are mostly used for short-term ocean or coastal transportation, especially when combined transportation by water and land can achieve better economic results.

According to the different structural forms of RO ro container ships, the following types of RO ro containers can be divided.

1. Multideck ro ro ship

The interdeck compartments above the main deck of RO ro ships are of longitudinal structure without horizontal bulkheads, flat deck type and no beam arch, so as to facilitate the loading and unloading of various goods by RO ro. For RO ro ships with a ship width of more than 25 m, columns along the longitudinal center line are allowed. Traffic between decks can be connected by elevators or ramps through narrow deck openings. Bilge below main deck. It is equipped with double sides to form a side cabin, which can be used to load all kinds of ballast and fuel. To maintain the continuity of the bearing surface, the engine room and superstructure are usually located at the tail.

2. Tail ramp ro ro ship

It is a ship with a tail ramp. When container trailers enter and leave, the tail springboard can make the angle between the springboard and the wharf plane not too large, while not expanding the wharf operation area.

3. Ro ro lifting vessel

This is a special ship type that uses springboards for rolling loading and unloading in the cabin and shore container cranes for vertical loading and unloading on the deck. Because the two methods are carried out at the same time, the loading and unloading of containers can be accelerated.